{"id":1675,"date":"2015-09-21T12:35:03","date_gmt":"2015-09-21T07:05:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/?p=1675"},"modified":"2026-05-19T11:20:32","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T05:50:32","slug":"understanding-project-monitoring-and-control","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/understanding-project-monitoring-and-control\/","title":{"rendered":"Your Comprehensive Guide to Project Monitoring and Control"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">As evident from the title itself, it\u2019s a process that tracks the actual project performance with the planned <a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/define-activity-list-in-a-project\/\">Project Management activities<\/a>. Project monitoring and control process is a control function that takes place at all stages of the project &#8211; from Initiation through Closing. The key benefit of this process is that it allows the stakeholders to understand the current state of the project, the steps taken, and the budget, schedule, and scope forecasts.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Monitor And Control Process<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Through the process of monitor and control, the project manager must be in a position to balance the requirements that arise from different knowledge areas. For example, the project manager can undergo situations, where a project is completed on time, but, has failed to meet the quality standards mentioned in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/project-management-plan\/\">Project Management plan<\/a>. Likewise, the project might have a significant scope, but unfortunately, it has exceeded the time and cost limit. Hence, the process of Project monitoring and controlling is considered extremely important.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Let\u2019s discuss the inputs, tools, techniques, and outputs involved in the monitor and control project work process:<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Monitor and Control Process &#8211; Inputs<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>1. Project Management Plan<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The subsidiary plans and the project baselines form the basis of controlling the project, as it mainly involves focusing on all the aspects of the project. The PMP includes the following subsidiary plans which are explained under the process of developing a project management plan.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>2. Project Documents<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Assumption log<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; The assumption log contains information about expectations and pain points identified as affecting the project.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Basis of estimates<\/strong> &#8211; The basis of estimates indicates how the various estimates were borrowed and can be used to decide on how to respond to the difference of opinion.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Cost forecasts<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; Based on the project\u2019s previous performance, the cost forecasts are used to determine if the project is within defined tolerance ranges for budget and to identify if any necessary change requests arise.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Issue log<\/strong> &#8211; The issue log is used to document and monitor who is responsible for resolving specific issues within the scheduled date.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Lessons learned register<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; The lessons learned register might contain information on effective responses for variances and corrective and preventive actions.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Milestone list<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; The milestone list shows the scheduled dates for particular milestones and is also used to check if the planned milestones have been accomplished.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Quality reports<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; The quality report includes quality management issues; which are also known as suggestions for the process, project, and product improvements; corrective actions recommendations (includes rework, defect\/bugs repair, 100% inspection, and more); and the summary of findings from the Control Quality process.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Risk register<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; The risk register provides details on the threats and opportunities that have occurred during the execution of the project.<\/li>\n<li class=\"margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Risk report<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; The risk report provides information on the overall project and specified individual risks.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Schedule forecasts<\/strong> &#8211; Based on the project\u2019s earlier performance, the schedule forecasts are used to determine if the project is within the defined tolerance ranges for the schedule and to identify any necessary change requests.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/pmp-certification-training\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-9833 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/PMP-Certification-864x90-1.jpg\" alt=\"PMP Certification - Invensis Learning\" width=\"864\" height=\"90\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/PMP-Certification-864x90-1.jpg 864w, https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/PMP-Certification-864x90-1-300x31.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/PMP-Certification-864x90-1-768x80.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/PMP-Certification-864x90-1-150x16.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/PMP-Certification-864x90-1-696x73.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 864px) 100vw, 864px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>3. Work Performance Information<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Work performance data is an output of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/direct-and-manage-project-work\/\">direct and manage project work<\/a> process where the data is collected, analyzed, and integrated to produce work performance information for providing a sound foundation for making project decisions. With the performance information, the project manager can gain knowledge on status deliverables, and implementation status for change requests, and provide forecasted estimated time to complete.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>4. Agreements<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The procurement agreement includes terms and conditions, and may also integrate other items that the buyer specifies regarding what the seller is to perform or provide. If the project is outsourcing part of the work, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/role-of-project-manager\/\">project manager<\/a> needs to oversee the contractor\u2019s work to make certain that all the agreements meet the specific needs of the project while adhering to organizational procurement policies.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>5. Enterprise Environmental Factors<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The enterprise environmental factors are conditions that are not under the control of the project team. They vary widely depending on the nature of the environment and are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Government or Industry Standards<\/strong> &#8211; Includes aspects like regulatory agency regulations, codes of conduct, product standards, quality standards, and workmanship standards that influence the process of monitoring and controlling the project work.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Existing Human Resources<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; The level of skills, disciplines, and knowledge, such as design, development, legal, contracting, and purchasing capabilities of the organization that influence the monitoring and controlling process.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stakeholder Risk Tolerances<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; A crucial aspect at any given stage of the project work. The project manager should understand the tolerance level of the stakeholder as to how much negative impact can he sustain during the project&#8217;s lifecycle.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Commercial Databases<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; Acquiring knowledge of standardized cost estimating data, along with the industry risk study information, and risk databases from the previously undertaken projects to have a better understanding of the current project working procedure.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Project Management Information System<\/strong> &#8211; PMIs are system tools and techniques used in project management to deliver information. Project managers use methods and tools to collect, combine and distribute information through electronic and manual means.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>6. Organizational Process Assets<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The organizational process assets are the plans, processes, policies, procedures, and knowledge bases specific to and used by the performing organization. The assets may be grouped into two categories:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong><strong>Processes and Procedures<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/strong>The Processes and Procedures under the organizational process assets can be segregated into three stages:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol type=\"A\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>Initiating and Planning<\/strong>: Implementing guidelines and criteria used for tailoring the organization&#8217;s standard processes and procedures to satisfy the specific needs of the project. Effective planning of organizational standards such as policies, product and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/5-phases-project-management-lifecycle\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">project life cycle<\/a>, and methods to maintain quality policies and procedures are necessary for monitoring and controlling the project.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>Executing, Monitoring, and Controlling:<\/strong> A method to change the existing control procedures and also to document how the changes are approved and validated. The process also includes keeping a tab on the financial control procedures, issue and defect management procedures, organizational communication requirements, change and risk control procedures along with process measurement and lessons learned database.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>Closing:<\/strong> During the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/5-ways-to-manage-effective-project-closure\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">project closing stage<\/a>, the project manager will monitor the project closure guidelines, which include focusing on the lessons learned, final project audits, evaluations, and product validations.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Corporate Knowledge Base<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The organizational knowledge base for storing and retrieving information includes:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: upper-alpha;\">\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The knowledge base will comprise various versions and baselines of the policies, procedures, and project documents. The knowledge base also includes financial databases containing information on labor hours, incurred costs, budgets, and project costs overshoot.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">A project manager should also know historical information and lessons learned from previous project records and performance. A project manager should also have corporate knowledge of the issues and defects so that he\/she can control and resolute the same in any problems that arise.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Finally, the corporate knowledge base also should have information on components that include insights into the process measurement databases and information on the project files from previous projects (Ex. scope, cost, schedule baselines, and project calendars).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em><strong>Read out the blog on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/opa-vs-eef-in-project-management-key-differences\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OPA vs EEF<\/a> and understand the key differences &amp; Similarities!<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"margin-top-20\"><strong>Project Monitoring and Control Process &#8211; Tools and Techniques<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>1. Expert Judgment<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">To ensure that the project performance matches the expectation, the project manager, in collaboration with the project management team uses expert judgment to interpret the information provided by the monitor and control processes. These expertise insights must be taken from individuals or groups who are specialized in the topics like:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\">Earned Value Analysis<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\">Interpretation and contextualization of data<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\">Techniques to estimate duration and costs<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\">Trend analysis<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\">Technical knowledge of the industry and focus area of the project<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\">Risk management and<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Contract management<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>2. Data Analysis<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Alternatives Analysis:<\/strong>\u00a0Alternatives analysis is used to select the corrective actions or a combination of corrective and preventive measures to implement when a deviation occurs in the project management process.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Cost-benefit Analysis:<\/strong>\u00a0Cost-benefit analysis helps to determine the best corrective action regarding cost in case of project deviations.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Earned Value Analysis:<\/strong>\u00a0Earned value provides an integrated perspective on the scope, schedule, and cost performance.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Root Cause Analysis:<\/strong>\u00a0Root cause analysis focuses on identifying the main reasons for a problem. It can be used to determine the reasons for a deviation and the areas the project manager should focus on in order to achieve the objectives of the project.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Trend Analysis:<\/strong> Trend analysis is used to forecast future performance based on past results. It looks ahead in the project for expected slippages and warns the project manager ahead of time that there may be problems later in the schedule if established trends persist. This information is available early enough in the project timeline to give the project team time to analyze and correct any anomalies. The results of trend analysis will help to recommend preventive actions if necessary.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Variance Analysis:<\/strong> Variance analysis reviews the differences (or variance) between planned and actual performance. This can include duration estimates, cost estimates, resource utilization, resource rates, technical performance, and other metrics. Variance analysis may be conducted in each knowledge area based on its particular variables. In monitoring and controlling project work, the variance analysis reviews the variances from an integrated perspective considering cost, time, technical, and resource variances about each other to get an overall view of variance on the project. This allows the initiation of the appropriate preventive or corrective actions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>3. Decision Making<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, BlinkMacSystemFont, -apple-system, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 15px;\">A decision-making technique involves all the individuals, project management teams, and stakeholders agreeing upon a single decision through the process of voting. This will enable the project to operate within the project management scope.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><strong>4. Meetings<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #222222; font-family: Verdana, BlinkMacSystemFont, -apple-system, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 15px;\">Meetings may be face-to-face, formal, informal, or virtual. It might comprise of project team members stakeholders and others involved in the undertaken project. The main agenda is to circulate information regarding the project. And, to make sure that the expectations clearly translate and reach their conclusion.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/cLXkOYaZ_K0\" width=\"615\" height=\"318\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">?<\/span><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Monitor and Control Process &#8211; Outputs<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>1. Change Requests<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">After comparing the actual results with the results of planning, change requests will direct the project. They may direct it to expand, adjust, or reduce the project and product scope, quality requirements, schedule, and cost baselines. These changes will pave the way for the collection and documentation of new requirements. And, they can impact the project management plan, documents, or product deliverables.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Note:<\/strong>\u00a0All changes that meet the project\u2019s change control criteria should go through\u00a0the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/perform-integrated-change-control\/\">integrated change control process<\/a>\u00a0established for the project.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Change requests may include the below-mentioned aspects:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>Corrective Action:<\/strong> A deliberate activity that realigns the performance of the project work with the project management plan.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>Preventive Action:<\/strong> An intent of activity that ensures the future performance of the project work associated with the project management plan.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Defect Repair:<\/strong>\u00a0A calculated activity to modify an unusual product or product component.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>2. Work Performance Reports<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">These are the physical representation of work performance information that we compile into project documents, focused on generating decisions, actions, and awareness. To maintain, store and distribute information, representation in the form of a project document is necessary. These work performance reports are a sub-division of project documents, and these reports may be provided for key stakeholders.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>3. Project Management Plan Updates<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Changes identified during this process may affect the overall project management plan. These changes, after processing through the appropriate change control process can lead to project management plan updates. Project management plan elements that may need updating include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/scope-management-plan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Scope management plan<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\">Requirements management plan<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\">Schedule management plan<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\">Cost management plan<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\">Quality management plan<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\">Scope baseline<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\">Schedule baseline<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cost Baseline<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\"><strong>4. Project Documents Updates<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Project documents that may need updating include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Schedule and Cost Forecast:<\/strong>\u00a0A document that stores information on the schedule and cost limit of the concerned project.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Work Performance Report:<\/strong> A document that contains information on the number of hours, the quality standards, and the overall ability of the team.<\/li>\n<li class=\"mini-text margin-top-20\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Issue log:<\/strong> A document that contains information about all the issues that arose during the project monitoring and controlling process and the time taken to resolve the issue and the outcome of the action taken.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/pmp-certification-training\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-9833 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/PMP-Certification-864x90-1.jpg\" alt=\"PMP Certification - Invensis Learning\" width=\"864\" height=\"90\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/PMP-Certification-864x90-1.jpg 864w, https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/PMP-Certification-864x90-1-300x31.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/PMP-Certification-864x90-1-768x80.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/PMP-Certification-864x90-1-150x16.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/PMP-Certification-864x90-1-696x73.jpg 696w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 864px) 100vw, 864px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Changes will always occur during a project. There are scenarios where even those well-drafted plans, will have varied results when compared with the actual planned values. Hence, performing the monitoring and controlling project work process is essential to determine those changes. Project monitoring and control process in a project work is crucial to meeting the desired outcomes of the project. Because if one doesn&#8217;t measure the performance, they will not be able to know how the project is going. And this is a significant risk for the failure of the project.<\/p>\n<p><i>Know more about Project Management best practices through Invensis Learning\u2019s Project Management certification training on\u00a0<\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/pmp-certification-training\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><i>PMP Certification Course<\/i><\/a><i>,\u00a0<\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/capm-certification-training\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><i><span data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;CAPM Course Online&quot;}\" data-sheets-userformat=\"{&quot;2&quot;:15233,&quot;3&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:0},&quot;10&quot;:2,&quot;11&quot;:0,&quot;12&quot;:0,&quot;14&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:0},&quot;15&quot;:&quot;Calibri, sans-serif&quot;,&quot;16&quot;:11}\">CAPM Course Online<\/span><\/i><\/a><i>,\u00a0<\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/prince2-foundation-practitioner-certification-training\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><i><span data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;prince2 foundation and practitioner online&quot;}\" data-sheets-userformat=\"{&quot;2&quot;:573,&quot;3&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:0},&quot;5&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:[{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;5&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:0}},{&quot;1&quot;:0,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;3&quot;:3},{&quot;1&quot;:1,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;4&quot;:1}]},&quot;6&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:[{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;5&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:0}},{&quot;1&quot;:0,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;3&quot;:3},{&quot;1&quot;:1,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;4&quot;:1}]},&quot;7&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:[{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;5&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:0}},{&quot;1&quot;:0,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;3&quot;:3},{&quot;1&quot;:1,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;4&quot;:1}]},&quot;8&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:[{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;5&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:0}},{&quot;1&quot;:0,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;3&quot;:3},{&quot;1&quot;:1,&quot;2&quot;:0,&quot;4&quot;:1}]},&quot;12&quot;:0}\">Prince2 Foundation and Practitioner Online<\/span><\/i><\/a><i>,\u00a0<\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.invensislearning.com\/project-management-fundamentals-training\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><i>Project Management Fundamentals<\/i><\/a><i>,\u00a0etc.\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n<div class='white' style='background:rgba(0,0,0,0); 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Project monitoring and control process is a control function that takes place at all stages of the project &#8211; from Initiation through Closing. 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